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Abstrakt

This paper compares influences of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a smoking room with mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. Exposure to ETS has been associated with adverse health effects. However, health for smokers in a smoking room is not clearly discussed to avoid ETS due to the other smokers. Ironically speaking, smokers are exposed to ETS derived from the other ones in a smoking room. Displacement ventilation is expected for a smoking room to decrease the horizontal influence of tobacco contaminants. Experiments are carried out to compare ventilation effectiveness with mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. The experimental set-up room is dimensioned by 5.3m by 5.44m by 2.5m CH. Air change per hour is set to 6, 8 and 10 times per hour for both ventilations. This ventilation system does not recirculate air to the test room. Smokers are located at the center of the room and requested to smoke 2 cigarettes for each person during the test periods of 10 minutes. The concentrations of carbon dioxide and suspended particulates are measured during the tests at 1 minute intervals. ETS is usually evaluated by the concentrations of carbon monoxide and suspended particulates. However, it is much easier to evaluate the indoor air quality in a smoking room if ETS can be investigated by the carbon dioxide concentrations. ETS is derived from the combustion of cigarettes and includes carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide sensors used in this study are non-dispersive infrared sensors (NDIR). As a result, the time-averaged carbon dioxide concentrations in the test room are correlated to the suspended particulate concentrations due to ETS, although carbon dioxide is emitted by the respiration of smokers.

Referanser

Krühne, H. and Fitzner, K. (2000) Protection of non-smoking persons against cigarette smoke by airflow, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Air Distribution in Rooms, July 2000, Reading, UK, Volume 1, p.179-184

Miller, S.L.and Nazaroff, W.W. (2001) Environmental tobacco smoke particles in multizone indoor environments, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 35, 2053-2067

Skistad, H. and Berner, M. (2002) Ventilation for tobacco smoking- A case study, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Air Distribution in Rooms, September 2002, Copenhagen, Denmark, p.749-752

REHVA, Ventilation effectiveness, Federation of European Heating and Air-conditioning Associations, 2004

WHO Regional Office for Europe, Chapter 8.1 Environmental tobacco smoke, Air Quality Guidelines Second Edition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2000



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